What Are Hydraulic Hoses Made Of?
Hydraulic hoses nowadays are composed of three parts: an inner tube (which transports the fluid), a reinforcing layer, and a protective covering/outer layer. The inner tube is often constructed to be flexible, and it must be compatible with the fluid that will pass through it. Therefore, this section of hydraulic hoses is usually made of synthetic rubber, PTFE, and thermoplastics. On the other hand, the reinforcement layer comprises single or multiple sheaths of braided wire, textile yarn, or spiral-wound wire. Finally, the protective layer is designed to be grease, abrasion, and weather resistant. As a result, depending on the environment in which the hose will be used, you must select the precise type of protection you require.
How Can I Choose the Right Hydraulic Hose?
When designing a hydraulic system, consider seven elements when choosing the correct hose and couplings. Here’s why these items are so important:
Materials – A compatibility chart must be checked to see if the hose assembly is compatible with the fluid used in the system. The high temperature, fluid pollution, and liquid concentration will affect the chemical compatibility of the hose and the fluid. Furthermore, practically all hydraulic hoses are constructed of petroleum-based lubricants, and newer, biodegradable, or “green” fluids may represent a concern to a limited number of hoses.
Size – To select the correct hose, measure the inside and exterior diameters with high accuracy instruments such as a caliper. Aside from that, the length of the hydraulic hose should be measured. Finally, determining the outer diameter of the tube is critical, especially when using hose-support clamps or guiding the hose through bulkheads. As a result, you should always consult the handbook for the particular specification table of each tube to ascertain its external diameter.
Temperature – All hydraulic hoses are designed to withstand a maximum working temperature ranging from 90oC to 150oC. (which is based on the temperature of the liquid). When a hose is constantly exposed to temperatures above the standard, it can speed deterioration and impair flexibility. You must also use the proper hydraulic oil with the required viscosity to protect the hose from high temperatures. You should always follow the manufacturer’s directions.
Pressure – The hydraulic hose’s operating pressure must constantly be maintained in such a way that it reaches or exceeds the maximum pressure that the system can bear, including pressure spikes. A pressure spike that is more than the typical operating pressure will most certainly damage the hydraulic hose and limit its life.
Application – Will the hydraulic hose you choose fulfill the specified bend radius? You should ask because going over the bend radius (using a much smaller one) will damage the hose reinforcement and necessitate repairs or replacement. In addition, if possible, put high-pressure hydraulic lines parallel to the machine’s curves. You will save money since the length of the line will be shortened, and the number of hard angles will be minimized (it can restrict the flow of the fluid). Aside from that, you can preserve the hoses from harm and make future repairs easier.
Endeavors – The hose of your choice must have a mechanical link between the coupling and the hose that is compatible. It is also necessary to utilize the correct mating thread end so that sealed components do not leak. Permanent collars are typically employed in industrial equipment, large-scale rebuilders, and repair shops, while field-attachable collars provide for greater flexibility in the field.
Delivery — Is the product generally available or difficult to locate? How quickly can you get it if you order it through the distributor? As a result, it may be a better idea to evaluate a variety of possibilities first to choose one that provides flexibility and reduces the delays that might result from selecting discontinued parts or in short supply.